The present report realised in the framework of Activity 2.3.3 of the Cameroon Biosecurity Project (CBP) focuses on gaps and difficulties related to the incorporation of GMOs and pathogens in the formulation of a global strategy for the management of invasion risks in Cameroon. Indeed, previous project activities have mostly considered conventional IAS and their invasive pathways, and the risks of invasion by GMOs and to a lesser extent pathogens had not been studied in the same level of detail. This report provides a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) overview of the situation with respect to invasion risks, more particularly related to pathogens and GMOs, in Cameroon.