The fifth national report, which is produced in accordance with article 26 of the Convention and decision X/10 of the Conference of the Parties, is a follow-up to the fourth national report 2009 and covers the period, activities and implementation after 2009 in accordance with the guidelines. The report is divided into three parts and the most important findings and conclusions are presented according to each part.

The importance of diversity for human well-being in Cameroon has emerged in the main sectors of production, which are agriculture, livestock, fishing and forestry. Agriculture accounts for 19.7% of GDP and employs more than 50% of the nation's active population. With the production of food products for daily consumption and cash products entering the economic circuit, the livestock sector is important because of the constantly increasing livestock of cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, while the traditional fishing sector in waterways is important in mangroves and lakes where it constitutes the main activity of coastal populations. In Cameroon, the forest sector represents more than 15,000 direct jobs and 170,000 indirect jobs.