Our industrial production models and consumption habits represent the root causes of the global environmental changes that are resulting to the historical high level of GHG emissions and the increase the ecological an socio-economic vulnerability that is a threat for human welbeing. As a priority response to the current unsustainable mode of consumption and production exacerbated by a growing population, there is need to promote a sustainable use of the ecosystem and species of importance in a manner that will reduce the pressure on biodiversity and maintain the increase of activities within safe ecological limits. Focus will be given to promoting the sustainable use of plant and animal resources in the production system of key development sectors to increase yield and production; promoting the alternative consumption of new species and the diversity of crops and varieties to reduce pressures on species under threat; supporting small and medium size enterprises with less pressure on biodiversity; promoting the sustainable use of alternative energy and promoting the sustainable management of production landscapes in relation to water consumption, agrochemical use, habitat conversion and monoculture.